--- title: School copybook 'La Marina Italiana (Manovre navali del 1928)' with Mussolini and a printed slogan url: https://propagandaarchive.org/collection/quaderno-marina-mussolini-manovre-navali-1928/ description: Open school copybook, outer cover and inside cover. The cover pairs a photograph of the Duce talking with Admiral Burzagli and a signed, dated… section: Collection --- [Collection](https://propagandaarchive.org/collection/) [![School copybook 'La Marina Italiana (Manovre navali del 1928)' with Mussolini and a printed slogan](https://propagandaarchive.org/collection/images/quaderno-marina-mussolini-manovre-navali-1928.jpg)](https://propagandaarchive.org/collection/images/quaderno-marina-mussolini-manovre-navali-1928.jpg) # School copybook 'La Marina Italiana (Manovre navali del 1928)' with Mussolini and a printed slogan Open school copybook, outer cover and inside cover. The cover pairs a photograph of the Duce talking with Admiral Burzagli and a signed, dated inscription by Mussolini with the pupil's name line and a printed slogan credited to him: 'It is absurd not to throw oneself on the sea routes when the sea surrounds us on three sides.' The inside cover gives a short account of the 1928 naval manoeuvres. The tell: a navy history office uses a child's exercise book to carry the leader's words and image into the classroom. ## Text on the object Original (Italian) · read from the image, not independently checked ``` [outer cover:] LA MARINA ITALIANA (MANOVRE NAVALI DEL 1928) Il Duce ed il Capo di Stato Maggiore della Marina Ammiraglio Burzagli alle manovre navali del 1928 nell'Alto Tirreno. [handwritten, signed:] Benito Mussolini / Alto Tirreno 16-17 agosto [partly legible] 1928 - VI L'esploratore "Venezia", su cui prese imbarco il Duce per la rivista navale del 1928 nell'Alto Tirreno. QUADERNO .... ALUNNO ..... ...... È ASSURDO NON GETTARSI SULLE VIE DEL MARE QUANDO IL MARE CI CIRCONDA DA TRE PARTI. MUSSOLINI [inside cover:] Collezione XIV. N.º 16. La Marina nella nuova vita nazionale. Il Duce alle manovre navali del 1928 in Alto Tirreno Nell'Agosto del 1928 ebbero luogo nell'Alto Tirreno, sotto la direzione di S. E. l'Ammiraglio Ernesto Burzagli, Capo di Stato Maggiore della Marina, le esercitazioni navali a partiti contrapposti. Il partito nazionale aveva il compito di impedire o contrastare lo sbarco di un corpo di truppe nemiche che un convoglio scortato da forze navali avversarie doveva nottetempo sbarcare. Parteciparono alle manovre contingenti del R. Esercito, della M.V.S.N. ed adeguate forze aeree. S. E. il Capo del Governo intervenne nell'ultimo periodo delle esercitazioni, prendendo successivamente imbarco su varie unità della flotta per assistere alle fasi risolutive delle manovre. Alla sua presenza furono effettuati tiri diurni e notturni, attacchi di sommergibili e di squadriglie di siluranti con lancio effettivo di siluri. Da bordo dell'esploratore «VENEZIA» il Duce assistette anche alla rivista di tutta la forza navale composta di 2 navi da battaglia: «DORIA» e «DUILIO», da 4 esploratori: «BRINDISI» «BARI» «TARANTO» e «PREMUDA» e da 4 flottiglie di cacciatorpediniere che ad elevata velocità, con gli equipaggi disposti in parata, rendevano gli onori prescritti, eseguendo le salve ed il saluto alla voce. Ufficio Storico dello Stato Maggiore della Marina CARTIERE A. BINDA - MILANO RIPRODUZIONE VIETATA ``` English translation (machine translation by Claude, not verified by a fluent reader) ``` [outer cover:] THE ITALIAN NAVY (NAVAL MANOEUVRES OF 1928) The Duce and the Chief of the Naval Staff, Admiral Burzagli, at the naval manoeuvres of 1928 in the Upper Tyrrhenian. [handwritten, signed:] Benito Mussolini / Upper Tyrrhenian 16-17 August [partly legible] 1928 - VI The scout cruiser "Venezia", on which the Duce embarked for the 1928 naval review in the Upper Tyrrhenian. EXERCISE BOOK .... PUPIL ..... ...... IT IS ABSURD NOT TO THROW ONESELF ON THE SEA ROUTES WHEN THE SEA SURROUNDS US ON THREE SIDES. MUSSOLINI [inside cover:] Collection XIV. No. 16. The Navy in the new national life. The Duce at the naval manoeuvres of 1928 in the Upper Tyrrhenian In August 1928 naval exercises between opposing sides took place in the Upper Tyrrhenian, under the direction of His Excellency Admiral Ernesto Burzagli, Chief of the Naval Staff. The national side had the task of preventing or opposing the landing of a body of enemy troops which a convoy escorted by adverse naval forces was to land by night. Contingents of the Royal Army, of the M.V.S.N. [Fascist Militia] and adequate air forces took part in the manoeuvres. His Excellency the Head of Government took part in the last period of the exercises, embarking in turn on various units of the fleet to watch the decisive phases of the manoeuvres. In his presence day and night firings, submarine attacks and attacks by torpedo-boat squadrons with actual torpedo launches were carried out. From on board the scout cruiser "VENEZIA" the Duce also watched the review of the whole naval force, made up of 2 battleships, "DORIA" and "DUILIO", 4 scout cruisers, "BRINDISI", "BARI", "TARANTO" and "PREMUDA", and 4 flotillas of destroyers which at high speed, with crews drawn up on parade, rendered the prescribed honours, firing salutes and giving the salute by voice. Historical Office of the Naval Staff CARTIERE A. BINDA - MILAN REPRODUCTION FORBIDDEN ``` The handwritten signature block is partly legible: the day range after 'Alto Tirreno' reads approximately '16-17' and the month 'agosto'. 'Collezione XIV. N.º 16' is read as printed. Translation is a machine translation by Claude, not verified by a fluent reader. [← Крепи революционный фронт защиты СССР (Strengthen the Revolutionary Front for the Defence of the USSR)](https://propagandaarchive.org/collection/krepi-revolyutsionnyi-front-zashchity-sssr-1928/) [l'Unità, January 1928: 'Resistere alla seconda ondata di riduzione dei salari! SCIOPERATE!' (front page) →](https://propagandaarchive.org/collection/l-unita-sciopero-salari-1928/) ## Using the same techniques - [Bronze sestertius of Gaius (Caligula), reverse S P Q R P P OB CIVES SERVATOS in an oak wreath](https://propagandaarchive.org/collection/sestertius-caligula-ob-cives-servatos-0037/) (Roman Empire · 0037 · Testimonial, Transfer) - [Seljuq gold dinar of Sanjar, dated 493 AH, with the Abbasid caliph named on one face](https://propagandaarchive.org/collection/seljuq-gold-dinar-sanjar-caliph-name-1099/) (Great Seljuk Empire · 1099 · Testimonial) - [J'Accuse...! Lettre au Président de la République (J'Accuse...! Letter to the President of the Republic), L'Aurore, 13 January 1898](https://propagandaarchive.org/collection/jaccuse-laurore-front-page-1898/) (France · Jan 13, 1898 · Testimonial). Content note: Newspaper page about a wrongful-conviction controversy; the letter text refers to a prisoner held in torture-like conditions on Devil's Island; no graphic imagery. - [The Speaker, front page 'The Week', 22 June 1901: Hobhouse report and 'methods of barbarism'](https://propagandaarchive.org/collection/speaker-hobhouse-camps-methods-of-barbarism-1901/) (United Kingdom · Jun 22, 1901 · Name-calling, Testimonial). Content note: Text on deaths of women and children in British camps in South Africa, with mortality rates. - ["The War with Japan" (Puck cover, 23 October 1907)](https://propagandaarchive.org/collection/puck-the-war-with-japan-1907/) (United States · Oct 23, 1907 · Testimonial, Scapegoating) - [Bande Mataram (Paris), memorial page to Madan Lal Dhingra, 17 August 1909](https://propagandaarchive.org/collection/bande-mataram-paris-dhingra-memorial-1909/) (France · Aug 17, 1909 · Testimonial, Transfer) - [Indian Opinion (Phoenix, Natal), page 266: 'Natal Mercury's Comments' and 'The Durban Conference' during the coal-mine strike, 29 October 1913](https://propagandaarchive.org/collection/indian-opinion-natal-mercury-durban-conference-1913/) (Union of South Africa · Oct 29, 1913 · Testimonial) - ['Do your duty bravely. Fear God. Honour the King.' Lord Kitchener postcard (about 1914)](https://propagandaarchive.org/collection/kitchener-duty-bravely-postcard/) (United Kingdom · 1914 · Testimonial, Transfer)