--- title: 'Almanake sang Mangunguma: Rice Stem Borer (Hiligaynon poster distributed in the Philippines)' url: https://propagandaarchive.org/collection/rice-stem-borer-hiligaynon-1951/ description: A Hiligaynon-language cartoon almanac sheet of 15 black-and-white panels headed 'E.C.A.', explaining how the rice stem borer destroys a crop and how section: Collection --- 1. [Home](https://propagandaarchive.org/) 2. [Collection](https://propagandaarchive.org/collection/) 3. Almanake sang Mangunguma: Rice Stem Borer [![Almanake sang Mangunguma: Rice Stem Borer, 1951 US poster: A Hiligaynon-language cartoon almanac sheet of 15 black-and-white](https://propagandaarchive.org/collection/images/rice-stem-borer-hiligaynon-1951.jpg)](https://propagandaarchive.org/collection/images/rice-stem-borer-hiligaynon-1951.jpg) # Almanake sang Mangunguma: Rice Stem Borer (Hiligaynon poster distributed in the Philippines) A Hiligaynon-language cartoon almanac sheet of 15 black-and-white panels headed 'E.C.A.', explaining how the rice stem borer destroys a crop and how farmers can stop it. Panels show the insect's life cycle, a lamp trap over water and kerosene, cutting and burning affected plants, DDT spraying, ploughing and flooding, and neighbours working together. The headline says a farmer who will not cooperate can lose everyone's harvest. The tell is plain-folks, with transfer: ordinary farmers carry practical advice, and a proverb about God helping those who help themselves is attached to it. ## Propaganda techniques used in this poster [Plain folks](https://propagandaarchive.org/techniques/plain-folks/) [Transfer](https://propagandaarchive.org/techniques/transfer/) ## Text on the object Original (Hiligaynon) · read from the image, not independently checked ``` [Emblem: E.C.A.] ALMANAKE SANG MANGUNGUMA GINABANTALA SANG "U.S. ECONOMIC COOPERATION ADMINISTRATION" PARA SA KAAYOHAN SANG MANGUNGUMA PILIPINHON. KINAHANGLAN ANG TILINGOB NGA PAGHILIUGYON. ANG ISA KA MANGUNGUMA NGA INDI MAGBULIG, MAKAPIERDE SA PATUBAS SANG TANAN! SARANG MO MATAPNA ANG TAMASUK! DUMDUMA, GINABULIGAN SANG DIOS ANG TAO NGA NAGABULIG SA IYA KAUGALINGON. (1) MGA ITLOG (2) NAPUSA NGA ITLOG NGA NANGIN-ULOD (3) MGA ULOD SA SULOD SANG DAHON (4) GINAUT-OT SANG ULOD ANG LAWAS SANG TANUM (5) MATAPOS ANG 25 KA ADLAW NGA PAG-UT-OT, NAGAPAHUWAY INI. (6) SA SULOD SANG 9 KA ADLAW, NANGIN-ALIBANGBANG INI KON PAANO NAGAPIERDE ANG TAMASUK. SARANG MAN MAGAMIT INI NGA PAAGI. MAGBUTANG SANG SUGA SA TUNGA SANG SULUDLAN NGA MAY TUBI NGA NASAMOAN SANG GAS SAMTANG NAGALULUPAD ANG MGA ALIBANGBANG. KUHAON ANG MGA NAHALITAN NGA TANUM. SUBONG MAN ANG LAYA SA DAHON SA MAGAGMAY NGA TANUM. HAWANAN SANG HILAMON KAG DAGAMI ANG TALAMNAN SA WALA PA MAKATANUM. PANGUHAON ANG MGA ITLOG SA SEMILYAHAN. INDI PAG-ITANUM ANG NAHALITAN SANG ULOD. INDI PAG-IHABOY ANG MGA ITLOG, KONDI IBUTANG SA SULUDLAN NGA MAY TUBI. BUBUI SANG GAS ANG TUBI. SA DALAGKO NGA TANUM, MAKIT-AN ANG PAG-UT-OT SANG TAMASUK. SA PAGKUHA SANG NAHALITAN NGA TANUM, TAPSA SA PUNO ANG TANUM. TIPONON INI KAG SUNUGON. KUHAON ANG MGA HILAMON KAY NAGAPUNSOK DIRA ANG TAMASUK. SA PAAGI NGA INI, MABUHI ANG SAPATSAPAT NGA NAGAPATAY SA TAMASUK. ANG TAMASUK MAPATAY. ANG DDT KAG IBAN PA NGA INOGPASUMPIT MAKATAPNA SA TAMASUK. GAMITA ANG 2½-5% NGA TINIMPLA NGA DDT. PASUMPITI SA SULOD SANG 7 KA ADLAW. MAHIMO KA MAKAPAMANGKUT SA INYO SUPERBISOR SA PANGUMA. ARADOHON GILAYON ANG UMA NGA NAHALITAN PAGKATAPOS SANG ANI. UKON PALAPAWON ANG TUBI SA UMA SA SULOD SANG ISA KA SIMANA. KON GINATAMASUK ANG UMA SANG IMO KASILINGAN, BULIGI SIA SA PAGTAPNA SINI. ANG IMO UMA AMO ANG MADASON. INDI KA MAGHULAT SANG KAPALARAN SAMTANG NGA GINAHALITAN SANG TAMASUK ANG IMO ANI. PAGBUYLOG OBRA SA IMO KASILINGAN. TAPNAA ANG TAMASUK! ``` English translation (machine translation by Claude, not verified by a fluent reader) ``` Farmers' Almanac, published by the U.S. Economic Cooperation Administration for the welfare of Filipino farmers. Cooperation is needed. A farmer who does not help [his neighbours] may lose the harvest of everyone! You can stop the stem borer! Remember, God helps the person who helps himself. [Life cycle:] (1) eggs (2) hatched eggs become larvae (3) larvae inside the leaf (4) the larva gnaws the plant body (5) after 25 days of gnawing it rests (6) within 9 days it becomes a moth. How the stem borer destroys the crop. [Control:] This method can also be used: put a lamp in the middle of a container of water with kerosene while the moths fly. Remove the affected plants. Clear the weeds and grasses in the field before planting. Gather the eggs in the seedbed; do not plant seedlings with larvae. Do not throw the eggs away but put them in a container with water and pour kerosene on it. In grown plants the gnawing of the borer can be seen. When removing affected plants, cut at the base, collect and burn them. Remove the weeds because the borer hides there. DDT and other sprays can stop the borer: use 2.5-5% DDT solution, spray within 7 days; you can ask your farm supervisor. Plough the affected field after harvest or flood it for a week. If your neighbour's field is infested, help him stop it; your field is next. Do not wait for fate while the borer ruins your harvest. Work together with your neighbours. Stop the stem borer! [Translation is literal and approximate.] ``` Panels are transcribed in reading order, row by row; the spelling is as printed and a few words are uncertain. The translation is literal and approximate. [← To Better Government (English-language poster distributed in Asia)](https://propagandaarchive.org/collection/to-better-government-english-1951/) [Ikaw ay Pilipino / Mahal Kong Anak (You Are a Filipino / My Dear Son) (Tagalog poster distributed in the Philippines) →](https://propagandaarchive.org/collection/you-are-a-filipino-my-dear-son-tagalog-1951/) ## More propaganda examples that use the same techniques - [Trois Tetes sous l'meme bonnet (three heads under the same cap)](https://propagandaarchive.org/collection/trois-tetes-sous-le-meme-bonnet-1789/) (France · 1789 · Plain folks, Glittering generalities) - ['This log cabin was the first building erected on the North Bend', Whig print by T. Sinclair, 1840](https://propagandaarchive.org/collection/harrison-north-bend-log-cabin-sinclair-1840/) (United States · 1840 · Plain folks, Transfer) - [Treeing Coons (pro-Polk cartoon), 1844](https://propagandaarchive.org/collection/treeing-coons-polk-1844/) (United States · 1844 · Name-calling, Plain folks) - [Zachary Taylor, People's Candidate for President (Currier banner), 1848](https://propagandaarchive.org/collection/taylor-fillmore-peoples-candidate-1848/) (United States · 1848 · Plain folks, Glittering generalities) - ['Little Mac.' (from the Democratic presidential campaign songster)](https://propagandaarchive.org/collection/little-mac-song-sheet-feeks-1864/) (United States · 1864 · Bandwagon, Plain folks) - [The peoples' choice, H. Greeley G. Brown](https://propagandaarchive.org/collection/peoples-choice-greeley-brown-1872/) (United States · 1872 · Bandwagon, Plain folks) - [The working-man's banner. For President, Ulysses S. Grant, 'The Galena Tanner.' For Vice-President, Henry Wilson, 'The Natick Shoemaker.'](https://propagandaarchive.org/collection/working-mans-banner-grant-1872/) (United States · 1872 · Plain folks, Transfer) - [The Chappaqua farmer](https://propagandaarchive.org/collection/chappaqua-farmer-1872/) (United States · Jul 1872 · Plain folks, Glittering generalities)