Division of Civic and Educational Cooperation

A second imperative duty of the Committee on Public Information was to put into convincing print America's reasons for entering the war, the meaning of America, the nature of our free institutions, and our war aims, together with a thorough analysis of the Prussian system, as well as an exposure of the enemy's misrepresentations, aggressions, and barbarities. The Division of Civic and Educational Cooperation was formed, and to its aid were called the best American investigators, writers, economists, historians, and political scientists, and in addition we enlisted the powerful cooperation of the National Historical Board. /

Money could not have purchased the voluntary aid that was given freely, the various universities lending their best men, and individuals devoting weeks of their time to specific tasks without remuneration. In logical sequence, the following pamphlets were prepared, printed, and distributed:

How the War Came to America 5, 428, 048 Swedish :_! 67,487 Polish 82, 658 German 292,610 Italian 129,860 Spanish 96, 816 Bohemian 121, 058 Portuguese 9, 375 National Service Handbook 454, 699 The Battle Line of Democracy 94, 848 President's Flag Day Address 6, 813, 340 Conquest and Kultur ^ 1, 203, 607 German War Practices 1, 592, 801

The War Cyclopedia 195,231 German Treatment of Conquered Territory 720, 848

War, Labor, and Peace 584, 027 Qerman Plots and Intrigues 127, 153 The War Message 2, 499, 903 Nation in Arms 1,666,231 Government of Germany 1, 798, 155 German 20, 500

Great War from Spectator to Participant 1, 581, 908

War of Self-Defense 721,944 American Loyalty 702, 598 German 564, 787

American Interest in Popular Government Abroad 596, 533

Home Beading Course for Citizen Soldiers 361, 000

First Session of War Congress 608,950 German War Code . 514, 452 American and Allied Ideals . 228,986, German Militarism 303, 600 German 103,300 War for Peace 302,370 Why America Fights Germany 725, 345

Study of the Great War 678, 929 Friendly Words to the Foreign Born : 570, 543

The Prussian System 571, 036 Labor and the War ■ 509,550 A War Message to the Farmer : 546, 911 Plain Issues of the War 112,492 •Ways to Serve the Nation 568, 907 What Really Matters 574, 502 The Kaiserite in America— 5, 550, 521 War Publications Bulletin : 13, 126, 006 Post Cards 1, 687, 408

Posters — Why Germany Wants Peace . 31, 000

Germany's Confession 324, 985 The German Whisper 487, 484 I National School Service : 4, 251, 570 Lieber and Schurz 26,360

America's War Aims and Peace Terms 719, 315

Total 61,626,852 Publication for Foreign Section. La Libertad Universal 102, 967 Las Intenciones del Alemania 95, 798 Lialtad a Estados Unidos 124, 229 The German Bolsheviki 187,375 La Guerra Intrepreation 125, 100

Las Reve'ationes del Principe Lichnowsky 46,850

La Guerra del Trabajo 48,611 Ein Aufruf Meiner Vaterland 60, 500

R. W. & B. No. 10 (Spanish) 49*750 Portuguese 15, ooo America's War Aims (Spanish) 80,600 Mexican ^ 17 400 Total 904, 180

PuUicatioiis for Friends of German Democracy (in German).

My London Mission (Prince Lichnowsky) 661,300

Tlie Meaning of America 10, 421

The Democratic Rising of German people in '48 20, 320

On Loyalty, Liberty, and Democracy 19,070 Friends of German Democracy 61, 500 Democracy, the Heritage of All : 30, 000 The Root of the Evil 30,000 No Qualified Americanism 30 lOO German Militarism 1^ 500 Total _ 864, 211

Publications for Division of American Alliance for Labor and Democracy.

Why Workingmen Support 313, 535 Who is Paying for This War? 313, 082 German Socialists and the War L 316, 005 To the Workers of Free America '. 323, 605 What Can Your Local Branch Do? 15,000 Labor's Red, White, and Blue Book 99, 355 \ Total 1,380,612 Miscellaneous. Posters — Capitol Building 26, 100 Posters — Independence Hall ; 26, 100 • Farmers' Bulletin 8, 000 Posters for War Cyclopedia 2, 050 Purpose and Scope ; 25, 000

For Freedom (Serbian National Defense) 5,000

War Savings Campaign Appeals 6, 000 Posters — America Gave you All 7, 500 Map — The Pan-German Plan 122, 000

Buttons, American-Hungarian Loyalty League 25, 489

Nevs^spaper, United States Department of Labor 80, 000

Streamers, Four-Minute Men 25, 000

Division of Films Bulletin 121, 119

Selective Service Registration Bulletin 765, 700

The Advertising Bulletin 112, 000

Register, Four-Minute Men 1, 606, 350

1210S3— 20 2 \ Circulars, Every Man Must Register 7, 163, 770

The Ameriean Navy 2, 100 Flying for America 2, 100 America at War 12,000 Guarantee of Permanent Peace 26, 162 Under Four Flags (posters) 22,000 Window Display Suggestions 5, 600

Will American Socialists Do This (Yiddish) 32,000

Why Workingmen Support the War (Yiddish) 33,000

No Compromise for America 15, 683 Ships, More Ships (poster) 15,000 Address of Secretary Lansing : Spanish 34, 000 Portuguese 15, 000 Total 10, 350, 553 Grand total 75,117,178

Such was the excellence of the pamphlets that many of the great metropolitan dailies printed them in their entirety as supplements. Nor does the total take account of the hundreds of thousands of copies of these pamphlets printed and distributed by private agencies and individuals at their own cost. The figures also show domestic circulation conclusively, although a great majority of the pamphlets were put into 14 foreign languages and given world-wide distribution.

It is a matter of pride to the Conunittee on Public Information, as it should be to America, that the directors of English, French, and Italian propaganda were a unit in agreeing that our literature was remarkable above all others for its brilliant and concentrated effectiveness.

At no time was any haphazard method of distribution employed, for while a fixed mailing list was maintained 75 per cent of the pamphlets were sent only upon request as a safeguard against waste. Among the organizations that assisted in effective distribution were the Department of Agriculture, the American Federation of Labor, the Department of State, the Chamber of Commerce of the United States, the Young Men's Christian Association, National War Council, the American Library Association, the State defense councils, Members of both Houses of Congress, and the political parties. Besides the usual newspaper notices given when pamphlets were released the last two, " Conquest and Itultur " and " German War Practices," as well as the " Flag Day Speech " (with annotations) , " How the War Came to America," and the " War Message " (with annotations), were published serially in many papers throughout the country.

A second great task of the division was to reach the school^, the colleges, and universities with the message of America in ordeT that the youth of the land should be made to understand the nature of the conflict in every detail. Representatives of the division went before teachers' institutes, summer sessions, educational bodies, etc., and the great institutions of learning were joined in organized form for the study of the war by teachers, pupils, and whole communities.

In direct response to a request from the Emergency Council of Education and the Education Commission of the National Education Association, the division commenced the publication of the JNational School Service, a 16-page paper issued twice a month to every one of the 520,000 teachers in the United States. I^ many respects this publication was one of the most remarkable features of the war, for it gave to the schools the needs and messages of Government in concise and usable form and to the Government a direct medium for reaching the 20,000,000 homes represented in the schools.

The achievements of the division are due entirely to the devotions and abilities of Prof. Guy Stanton Ford, dean of the University of Minnesota, its director from first to last. ^