India's Martyrs (Ghadar Party handbill, San Francisco, 1916)
Ten head-and-shoulders portraits in a grid under the heading 'INDIA'S MARTYRS', with one footnote saying the ten are 'among the 400 who have been hanged during 1915 and 1916'. The tell is the honorific plus the portrait gallery: named men who were executed are presented as martyrs, so the prestige of martyrdom is transferred onto the party's cause.
- Date
- 1916
- Period
- First World War
- Made by
- Ghadar Party (Hindustan Ghadar), San Francisco
- Region
- North America
- Country
- United States
- Medium
- Leaflet
- Issuer type
- Movement
- Regime
- Wilson Administration
- Leader
- Woodrow Wilson
- Audience
- Diaspora or minority
- Purpose
- Commemorate
- Themes
- Empire and colonialism, War and the military
- Event
- Ghadar Movement
- Techniques
- Transfer
- Regime
- Wilson administration
- Leader
- Woodrow Wilson
- Source
- Identified Openly sourced: the speaker is who they say they are
- Source
- Wikimedia Commons (scan from the Ghadar Party Collection, Berkeley Library, University of California), retrieved September 29, 2026
- Rights
- Public domain (published in San Francisco, 1916, before 1931; Commons tag PD-1923)
Hindustan Ghadar (Ghadar Party), San Francisco, 1916; Ghadar Party Collection, Berkeley Library, University of California, via Wikimedia Commons
Text on the object
GHADAR PARTY COLLECTION [library stamp: BERKELEY LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA] [handwritten: 18] INDIA'S MARTYRS Kartar Singh Gurdit Singh Kanshi Ram Amir Chand Rahmat Ali Shah Sohan Lal V. G. Pingle Jiwan Singh Jagat Singh Kehar Singh The above are among the 400 who have been hanged during 1915 and 1916. PHOTO COPR. "HINDUSTAN GADAR." 1916
Names are captions under the portraits, read in grid order (row 1: two; row 2: three; row 3: three; row 4: two). The Berkeley stamp and handwritten number were added by the library.
